Modeling Microbial Community Networks: Methods and Tools for Studying Microbial Interactions.

Microbial interactions function as a fundamental unit in complex ecosystems. By characterizing the type of interaction (positive, negative, neutral) occurring in these dynamic systems, one can begin to unravel the role played by the microbial species. Towards this, various methods have been developed to decipher the function of the microbial communities. The current review focuses on the various qualitative and quantitative methods that currently exist to study microbial interactions. Qualitative methods such as co-culturing experiments are visualized using microscopy-based techniques and are combined with data obtained from multi-omics technologies (metagenomics, metabolomics, metatranscriptomics). Quantitative methods include the construction of networks and network inference, computational models, and development of synthetic microbial consortia. These methods provide a valuable clue on various roles played by interacting partners, as well as possible solutions to overcome pathogenic microbes that can cause life-threatening infections in susceptible hosts. Studying the microbial interactions will further our understanding of complex less-studied ecosystems and enable design of effective frameworks for treatment of infectious diseases.

Study protocol: improving response to malaria in the Amazon through identification of inter-community networks and human mobility in border regions of Ecuador, Peru and Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Understanding human mobility's role in malaria transmission is critical to successful control and elimination. However, common approaches to measuring mobility are ill-equipped for remote regions such as the Amazon. This study develops a network survey to quantify the effect of community connectivity and mobility on malaria transmission. METHODS: We measure community connectivity across the study area using a respondent driven sampling design among key informants who are at least 18 years of age. 45 initial communities will be selected: 10 in Brazil, 10 in Ecuador and 25 in Peru. Participants will be recruited in each initial node and administered a survey to obtain data on each community's mobility patterns. Survey responses will be ranked and the 2-3 most connected communities will then be selected and surveyed. This process will be repeated for a third round of data collection. Community network matrices will be linked with each country's malaria surveillance system to test the effects of mobility on disease risk. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study protocol has been approved by the institutional review boards of Duke University (USA), Universidad San Francisco de Quito (Ecuador), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (Peru) and Universidade Federal Minas Gerais (Brazil). Results will be disseminated in communities by the end of the study.

Stability analysis of a SAIR epidemic model on scale-free community networks.

The presence of asymptomatic carriers, often unrecognized as infectious disease vectors, complicates epidemic management, particularly when inter-community migrations are involved. We introduced a SAIR (susceptible-asymptomatic-infected-recovered) infectious disease model within a network framework to explore the dynamics of disease transmission amid asymptomatic carriers. This model facilitated an in-depth analysis of outbreak control strategies in scenarios with active community migrations. Key contributions included determining the basic reproduction number, $ R_0 $, and analyzing two equilibrium states. Local asymptotic stability of the disease-free equilibrium is confirmed through characteristic equation analysis, while its global asymptotic stability is investigated using the decomposition theorem. Additionally, the global stability of the endemic equilibrium is established using the Lyapunov functional theory.

Caring for older adults with cancer in Canada: Views from healthcare providers and cancer care allies in the community.

BACKGROUND: Cancer is common and disproportionately impacts older adults. Moreover, cancer care of older adults is complex, and the current Canadian cancer care system struggles to address all of the dimensions. In this project, our goal was to understand the barriers and facilitators to caring for older adults with cancer from perspectives of healthcare professionals and cancer care allies, which included community groups, seniors' centers, and other community-based supports. METHODS: In collaboration with a patient advisory board, we conducted focus groups and interviews with multiple local healthcare professionals and cancer care allies in British Columbia, Canada. We used a descriptive qualitative approach and conducted a thematic analysis using NVivo software. RESULTS: A total of 71 participants of various disciplines and cancer care allies participated. They identified both individual and system-level barriers. Priority system-level barriers for older adults included space and staffing constraints and disconnections within healthcare systems, and between healthcare practitioners and cancer care allies. Individual-level barriers relate to the complex health states of older adults, caregiver/support person needs, and the needs of an increasingly diverse population where English may not be a first or preferable language. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified key barriers and facilitators that demonstrate aligned priorities among a diverse group of healthcare practitioners and cancer care allies. In conjunction with perspectives from patients and caregivers, these findings will inform future improvements in cancer care. Namely, we emphasize the importance of connections among health systems and community networks, given the outpatient nature of cancer care and the needs of older adults.

Salud, género y reciclaje: un encuentro impostergable / Health, gender and recycling: a meeting that cannot be put off

Introducción. En Asunción existe una zona geográfica llamada Bañados, en esta zona se conforman los llamados «cinturones de pobreza», donde el trabajo informal se impone como principal medio de sustento. El oficio del reciclaje corresponde a uno de los trabajos informales más practicados. Objetivos. Describir aspectos de la zona donde desarrollan su vida trabajadora de la recolección. Incorporar elementos de resignificación positiva acerca del trabajo de reciclaje a mujeres recicladoras organizadas o no del Bañado Sur de la ciudad de Asunción, Paraguay. Material y métodos. Se realizaron 28 encuentros con 153 mujeres agrupadas en 7 grupos, durante el período del 2019 al 2022. La muestra fue seleccionada fue por conveniencia. Se eligió la modalidad de «taller» debido a las prácticas ya conocidas y aceptadas por la comunidad. Resultados. Se realizó conjuntamente la clasificación de la basura o residuos urbanos en sus categorías orgánica/inorgánica/tóxica, pero también en una clasificación más cercana a su realidad concreta. Se identificó cómo son las relaciones familiares y comunitarias, las preocupaciones por los hijos e hijas, el cambio climático, las inundaciones, las viviendas precarias, el acceso al agua, la inseguridad en el barrio y la problemática de drogas en la comunidad. Conclusión. Las jornadas se desarrollaron con mujeres recicladoras organizadas, miembros de una organización civil, que residen en el Bañado Sur – Tacumbú, Asunción (Paraguay). Durante el proceso se logró acercar a los grupos de mujeres que han podido participar de la experiencia, una resignificación positiva del trabajo y su rol en la sociedad, mediante el diálogo. (AU)

Introduction. In Asunción there is a geographic area called Bañados. They make up the so-called “poverty belts”, where informal work is laid down as the main means of support. The job of recycling is one of the most performed informal jobs. Aims. To report aspects of the area where collection workers go about their lives. Incorporate elements of positive new meaning about the recycling work to organized or disorganized women recyclers from Bañado Sur in the city of Asunción, Paraguay. Methods. In total 28 meetings were held with 153 women grouped into seven groups, during the period from 2019 to 2022. The sample was selected by convenience. The “workshop” modality was chosen due to the practices already known and accepted by the community. Results. Garbage or urban waste could be classified together in its organic/inorganic/toxic categories but also in a classification more akin to its specific reality. Family and community relationships, concerns for children, climate change, floods, precarious housing, access to water, insecurity in the neighbourhood and drug problems in the community were all identified. Conclusion. The sessions were held with organized women recyclers, members of a civil organization residing in Bañado Sur – Tacumbú, Asunción, Paraguay. During the process, it was possible to bring together the groups of women who were able to take part in the experience, a positive new meaning for work and their role in society, by means of dialogue. (AU)

Iniciación en el mapeo de activos en un centro de salud urbano de Zaragoza / Initiation in asset mapping in a Zaragoza primary care health centre

Introducción. La salud comunitaria basada en activos es un modelo donde se promociona la salud con políticas y entornos que favorecen que las personas puedan tomar decisiones sobre su salud. El mapeo de activos es el mejor método para conocer los activos. En Aragón existe la estrategia comunitaria que favorece la implantación y el conocimiento de estos conceptos poco conocidos por la población y por los profesionales sanitarios. Objetivos. El objetivo principal fue la búsqueda e identificación de los activos de salud disponibles tras el proceso de mapeo por parte de la ciudadanía de 5 distritos urbanos de Zaragoza durante 1 año. Desarrollar un blog donde profesionales de la educación y de la sanidad, y la ciudadanía puedan acceder al mapa de activos. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo sobre la identificación y recogida de activos identificados por la población pertenecientes a un centro de salud. Las técnicas participativas utilizadas en el grupo de activos fueron mapas mudos y registro mediante fichas. Resultados. Se identificaron 57 activos, fundamentalmente el 28% relacionados con la actividad física. Las actividades de cultura y ocio, y las relacionadas con enfermedades crónicas fueron las siguientes más frecuentes. No se encontró ningún recurso para la deshabituación de tóxicos. El 47% de los activos se encontraban en uno de los 5 distritos adscritos. Conclusiones. Realizar un mapa de activos es fundamental para la prevención y la promoción de la salud. La colaboración ciudadana resulta clave para hacer este proceso con éxito, ofreciéndonos a las/los profesionales de la sanidad una información valiosa para fomentar y llevar a cabo una verdadera atención comunitaria. (AU)

Introduction. Asset-based community health is a model where health is promoted with policies and settings that encourage people to make health-related decisions. Health assets is the best method to get to know the assets. In Aragon there is a community strategy that promotes the implementation and knowledge of these concepts unknown both by the population and health professionals. Aims. The main aim of the study was to search and identify health assets available after the mapping process by the citizens of five Zaragoza urban districts over one year. Moreover, to start a blog where educators, health workers and citizens can access the assets map. Methods. Descriptive study on the identification and collection of assets identified by the population belonging to an urban health centre in Zaragoza. The participatory techniques used in the assets group were blank maps and recording by means of cards. Results. A total of 57 assets were identified, most of which related to physical activity (28%). This was followed by cultural, leisure activities and chronic diseases. No resource was detected for the cessation of toxic substances; 47% of assets were located in one of the five affiliated districts. Conclusions. Drawing up an assets map is essential for correct prevention and health promotion. Neighbourhood citizen collaboration is key to performing this process successfully. This also offers health professionals valuable information to promote and carry out actual community care. (AU)

Regional patient transfer patterns matter for the spread of hospital-acquired pathogens.

Pathogens typically responsible for hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) constitute a major threat to healthcare systems worldwide. They spread via hospital (or hospital-community) networks by readmissions or patient transfers. Therefore, knowledge of these networks is essential to develop and test strategies to mitigate and control the HAI spread. Until now, no methods for comparing healthcare networks across different systems were proposed. Based on healthcare insurance data from four German federal states (Bavaria, Lower Saxony, Saxony and Thuringia), we constructed hospital networks and compared them in a systematic approach regarding population, hospital characteristics, and patient transfer patterns. Direct patient transfers between hospitals had only a limited impact on HAI spread. Whereas, with low colonization clearance rates, readmissions to the same hospitals posed the biggest transmission risk of all inter-hospital transfers. We then generated hospital-community networks, in which patients either stay in communities or in hospitals. We found that network characteristics affect the final prevalence and the time to reach it. However, depending on the characteristics of the pathogen (colonization clearance rate and transmission rate or even the relationship between transmission rate in hospitals and in the community), the studied networks performed differently. The differences were not large, but justify further studies.

Return to sender: Unraveling the role of structural and social network ties in patient sharing networks.

Healthcare is increasingly delivered through networks of organizations. Well-structured patient sharing networks are known to have positive associations with the quality of delivered services. However, the drivers of patient sharing relations are rarely studied explicitly. In line with recent developments in network and integration theorizing, we hypothesize that structural and social network ties between organizations are uniquely associated with a higher number of shared patients. We test these hypotheses using a Bayesian zero-dispersed Poisson regression model within the Additive and Multiplicative Effects Framework based on administrative claims data from 732,122 dermatological patients from the Netherlands in 2017. Our results indicate that 2.6% of all dermatological patients are shared and that the amount of shared patients is significantly associated with structural (i.e. emergency contracts) and social (i.e. shared physicians) ties between organizations, confirming our hypotheses. We also find some evidence that patients are shared with more capable organizations. Our findings highlight the role of relational ties in the way health services are delivered. At the same time, they also raise some potential anti-trust concerns.

A case study on variations in network structure and cross-sector alignment in two local systems serving pregnant and parenting women in recovery.

OBJECTIVE: To describe network structure and alignment across organizations in healthcare, public health, and social services sectors that serve pregnant and parenting women with substance use disorder (SUD) in an urban and a rural community. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SETTINGS: Two community networks, one urban and one rural with each including a residential substance use treatment program, in Kentucky during 2021. STUDY DESIGN: Social network analysis measured system collaboration and cross-sector alignment between healthcare, public health, and social services organizations, applying the Framework for Aligning Sectors. To understand the alignment and structure of each network, we measured network density overall and between sectors, network centralization, and each organization's degree centrality and effective size. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS: Computer-assisted telephone interviews were conducted to document alignment around shared purpose, data, financing, and governance. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: On average, overall and cross-sector network densities in both communities were similar. However, alignment was highest for data sharing and financing in the urban community and for shared purpose and governance in the rural community. Cross-sector partnerships involving healthcare organizations were more prevalent in the rural county (44% vs. 38% for healthcare/public health, 44% vs. 29% for healthcare/social services), but more prevalent for those involving public health/social services organizations in the urban county (42% vs. 24%). A single healthcare organization had the highest degree centrality (Mdn [IQR] = 26 [26-9.5]) and effective size (Mdn [IQR] = 15.9 [20.6-8.7]) within the rural county. Social services organizations held more central positions in the urban county (degree centrality Mdn [IQR] = 13 [14.8-9.5]; effective size Mdn [IQR] = 10.4 [11.4-7.9]). CONCLUSIONS: Cross-sector alignment may strengthen local capacity for comprehensive SUD care for pregnant and parenting women. Healthcare organizations are key players in cross-sector partnerships in the rural community, where one healthcare facility holds the central brokerage role. In contrast, public health agencies are key to cross-sector collaboration with social services in the urban community.

Cattle grazing management affects soil microbial diversity and community network complexity in the Northern Great Plains.

Soil microbial communities play a vital role in the biogeochemical cycling and ecological functioning of grassland, but may be affected by common land uses such as cattle grazing. Changes in microbial diversity and network complexity can affect key ecosystem functions such as nutrient cycling. However, it is not well known how microbial diversity and network complexity respond to grazing in the Northern Great Plains. Consequently, it is important to understand whether variation in grazing management alters the diversity and complexity of grassland microbial communities. We compared the effect of intensive adaptive multi-paddock (AMP) grazing and conventional grazing practices on soil microbial communities using 16S/ITS amplicon sequencing. Samples were collected from grasslands in 13 AMP ranches and 13 neighboring, conventional ranches located across the Canadian prairies. We found that AMP grazing increased fungal diversity and evenness, and led to more complex microbial associations. Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Bacteroidetes were keystone taxa associated with AMP grazing, while Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Armatimonadetes were keystone taxa under conventional grazing. Besides overall grazing treatment effects, specific grazing metrics like cattle stocking rate and rest-to-grazing ratio affected microbial richness and diversity. Bacterial and fungal richness increased with elevated stocking rate, and fungal richness and diversity increased directly with the rest-to-grazing ratio. These results suggest that AMP grazing may improve ecosystem by enhancing fungal diversity and increasing microbial network complexity and connectivity.

O trabalho em associações e cooperativas: os empreendimentos, redes de contato e saúde dos trabalhadores / Work in associations and cooperatives: enterprises, contact networks and workers’ health

Esta pesquisa buscou analisar o trabalho em associações e cooperativas de trabalho situadas no Nordeste do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo envolvendo doze instituições, investiga-das por meio de um questionário e seis entrevistas com associados. As respostas ao questioná-rio foram analisadas utilizando o método QCA (Análise Qualitativa Comparativa) e as entrevis-tas pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. Evidenciou-se a importância do apoio fornecido por atores sociais externos aos empreendimentos, mas também uma avaliação negativa da gestão. A criação desses empreendimentos se configura como uma oportunidade de trabalho e renda para a maioria dos entrevistados. Notou-se, no entanto, a falta de preocupação com a saúde dos associados e os cuidados necessários para reduzir os riscos de acidentes, incluindo a expo-sição frequente a materiais perigosos e contaminados, bem como incertezas, estresses no am-biente de trabalho, cargas de trabalho excessivas e conflitos interpessoais. Estes últimos po-dem contribuir para acidentes e doenças ocupacionais. (AU)

This research aimed to analyze the work in labor associations and cooperatives located in northeastern Brazil. This is a qualitative study involving twelve institutions, investigated through a questionnaire and six interviews with associates. The answers to the questionnaire were analyzed using the QCA (Comparative Qualitative Analysis) method, and the interviews were conducted using the content analysis technique. The importance of the support provided by social actors external to the enterprises was highlighted, but also a negative evaluation of the management. The creation of these enterprises is configured as an opportunity for work and income for most of the interviewees. However, there was a lack of concern for the health of associates and the necessary care to reduce the risk of accidents, including frequent expo-sure to hazardous and contaminated materials, as well as uncertainties, stresses in the work environment, excessive workloads and interpersonal conflicts. The latter can contribute to oc-cupational accidents and illnesses. (AU)

O desamparo em Freud e a política como ruptura dos possíveis / Helplessness in Freud and politics as a rupture of the possible / Le délaissé chez Freud et la politique comme rupture du possible / Lo desamparo en Freud y la política como ruptura de lo posible

Este trabalho visa delinear o conceito de desamparo por meio da metapsicologia freudiana e como isso implica outra forma de pensar a política. Desse modo, o desamparo não é concebido unicamente como a vulnerabilidade do bebê ao nascer, mas, também, como a falta de respostas às excitações internas. Tal estado de desamparo é radicalizado a partir da concepção de pulsão de morte construída por Freud. A pulsão de morte gera processos de desabamentos, rupturas, desligamentos e despossessão, essenciais para a própria vida se complexificar. Nesse sentido, propomos o desamparo como afeto político central quando pensamos em transformação. A partir do desabamento de si e da abertura radical ao contato do outro, podemos experimentar outras formas de experiências, outras formas de afetação e, consequentemente, a construção de corpos políticos rumo à transformação política radical

This paper outlines the concept of helplessness through Freudian metapsychology and by doing so imply a new way of thinking about politics. Helplessness is not conceived simply as the newborn's vulnerability, but also as the lack of response to internal excitements. Such an estate is radicalized by Freud's concept of death drive, which generates processes of collapsing, ruptures, unplugging and dispossession that are essential for turning life complex. In this sense, we propose helplessness as a main political affection when referring to transformation. By the collapse of oneself and the radical opening to contact with others, one may experience other ways of experiencing and of being affected and, consequently, the construction of political bodies leading to the radical transformation of politics

Cet article présente le concept de délaissé à travers la métapsychologie freudienne et, ce faisant, lui imprime une nouvelle façon de penser la politique. Le délaissé n'est pas simplement conçu comme la vulnérabilité du nouveau-né, mais aussi comme une absence de réponse aux excitations internes. Tel état est radicalisé par le concept de pulsion de mort de Freud, qui produit des processus de glissement, de rupture, d'arrêt et de dépossession essentielles à la complexification de la vie. En ce sens, nous proposons le délaissé comme principale affection politique lorsqu'il est question de transformation. Par le glissement de soi-même et l'ouverture radicale au contact avec les autres, nous pouvons expérimenter d'autres façons de vivre et d'être affecté et, par conséquent, la construction de corps politiques vers à la transformation politique radicale

Este artículo pretende esbozar el concepto de desamparo a través de la metapsicología freudiana y cómo esto implica otra forma de pensar sobre política. De esa manera, la impotencia no solo se concibe como la vulnerabilidad del bebé al nacer, sino también debido a la falta de respuestas a las excitaciones internas. Tal estado de desamparo se radicaliza desde la concepción del impulso de muerte construido por Freud. El impulso de la muerte genera procesos de colapsos, rupturas, desconexiones y desposesión esenciales para que la vida misma se vuelva más compleja. En este sentido, proponemos lo desamparo como un afecto político central cuando pensemos en la transformación. Desde el colapso de uno mismo y la apertura radical al contacto con el otro, podemos experimentar otras formas de experiencias y otras formas de afectación y,en consecuencia, la construcción de cuerpos políticos hacia una transformación política radical

Lessons Learned Implementing a Trauma-informed System of Care in Rural Communities.

BACKGROUND: The negative impact of trauma on health is devastating. Providers, especially those in rural areas, require support to implement trauma-informed care (TIC) on a systems level. OBJECTIVES: This paper describes a partnership of county behavioral health administrators, service providers, and a behavioral health managed care organization and steps taken over a 5-year initiative to enhance capacity and quality of community services to meet the needs of individuals in a rural setting to receive TIC. METHODS: The initiative included trainings in evidence-based and best practices in TIC, improved trauma screening, development of TIC centers, and development of community-based networks for ongoing support. Lessons learned were summarized through discussions between partnership members. LESSONS LEARNED: Shared ownership, opportunity to build networks, and continuous assessment of organizational strengths resulted in successful implementation and sustained practice. Challenges included turnover among staff and organizations. CONCLUSIONS: Building a TIC network across a rural health care system can be successful with long-term support and investment from multiple stakeholders.

La salud y los cuidados: un análisis interseccional de género y vejeces a partir del trabajo realizado en CEPRAM (2022) / Health and care: an intersectional analysis of gender and old age from the work done at CEPRAM (2022)

INTRODUCCION: Nuestra región, y Argentina, se encuentra atravesando un momento de rápido envejecimiento demográfico. Se trata de un proceso contextualizado social e históricamente de representaciones, estereotipos y significados particulares. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo describir y analizar las posibles articulaciones entre la perspectiva de salud integral, redes en salud y los cuidados a y entre personas adultas mayores a partir de la experiencia de trabajo en el CEPRAM (Centro de Promoción del Adulto Mayor) en el que las mujeres ocupan un rol central. MÉTODOS: Investigación cualitativa interaccionista con entrevistas sobre experiencias y significados. RESULTADOS: Refieren mejoras en su autoestima, flexibilidad, apertura y escucha como reconocimiento del otro/a. La cantidad y la calidad de cobertura en servicios de cuidados recae mayoritariamente sobre las familias y especialmente, sobre las mujeres y disidencias, perpetuando la desigualdad de género en la distribución de tareas, las condiciones en que se llega y transita la vejez. Ellas vieron este espacio como uno de cuidados, dando sustento a formas más integrales de entenderlos como eje de la salud. CONCLUSIONES: CEPRAM logró captar y solucionar necesidades ­socioafectivas­ de mujeres mayores, insatisfechas y no atendidas por el Estado. Promueve la autonomía relacional donde la participación y la construcción de redes basadas en los vínculos, fundamentales para su salud integral. Los entornos extrahospitalarios como oportunidad de acercamiento al sistema de salud, deben resolver necesidades de cuidado con perspectiva de envejecimiento saludable, fomentando la habilidad funcional, así como los atributos relacionados con el proceso diferenciado por género y salud que permiten a la persona ser y hacer (AU)

INTRODUCTION: Our region, and Argentina, is going through a period of rapid demographic aging. It is a socially and historically contextualized process of representations, stereotypes and particular meanings. The aim of this paper is to describe and analyze the possible articulations between the integral health perspective, health networks and care for and among older adults based on the experience of working in the CEPRAM (Center for the Promotion of Older Adults) in which women play a central role. METHODS: Qualitative interactionist research with interviews on experiences and meanings. RESULTS: They report improvements in their self-esteem, flexibility, openness and listening as recognition of the other. The quantity and quality of coverage in care services falls mostly on families and especially on women and dissidents, perpetuating gender inequality in the distribution of tasks, the conditions in which old age arrives and passes. Women saw this space as one of care, giving support to more comprehensive ways of understanding it as the axis of health. CONCLUSIONS: CEPRAM was able to capture and solve the social and emotional needs of older women, unsatisfied and unmet by the State. It promotes relational autonomy where participation and the construction of networks based on bonds are fundamental for their integral health. The out-of-hospital environments as an opportunity to approach the health system, should solve care needs with a healthy aging perspective, promoting functional ability, as well as the attributes related to the process differentiated by gender and health that allow the person to be and to do (AU)

Evolutionary dynamics of N-player sender-receiver game in networks with community structure.

Network typology largely affects the evolutionary dynamics of collective behaviors in many real-world complex systems. As a conventional transmission model, the sender-receiver game paves the way to explore the evolution of honest signals between senders and receivers. In practice, the utilities of an agent often depend not only on pairwise interactions, but also on the group influence of players around them, and thus there is an urgent need for deeper theoretical modeling and investigations on individuals' non-pairwise interactions. Considering the underlying evolutionary game dynamics and multiple community network structures, we explore the evolution of honest behaviors by extending the sender-receiver game to multiple communities. With the new dynamical model of the multi-community system, we perform a stability analysis of the system equilibrium state. Our results reveal the condition to promote the evolution of honest behaviors and provide an effective method for enhancing collaboration behaviors in distributed complex systems. Current results help us to deeply understand how collective decision-making behaviors evolve, influenced by the spread of true information and misinformation in large dynamic systems.

Salubrízate, un proyecto de armonía con las personas y el entorno / Salubrízate: a project in harmony with the people and the environment

Introducción. Salubrízate es un grupo de procesos y activos comunitarios que realiza intervenciones de educación y promoción de la salud para el bienestar colectivo, en Ourense y alrededores desde el año 2018. Objetivo. El objetivo principal es conocer y responder a las inquietudes de salud de la ciudadanía. Métodos. Esta experiencia se basa en un modelo abierto a la participación, intersectorial y multidisciplinar, que tiene la capacidad de adaptarse a diversas circunstancias sanitarias o sociales, como la COVID. Se trabaja en cuatro áreas: hábitos saludables, bienestar emocional y social, entornos saludables y seguridad ciudadana. Tiene como recursos principales a las personas, los medios de comunicación colectiva como la radio y las redes sociales y diversas instituciones tanto sanitarias como sociales. Resultados. La repercusión de Salubrízate se está midiendo a través del alcance de cada uno de los proyectos llevados a cabo por el grupo, analizando también las debilidades que limitan el proyecto y sus fortalezas. (AU)

Introduction. Salubrízate is a group of community processes and assets that has been implementing health education and promotion interventions for collective well-being in Ourense and its surroundings since 2018.Aim. The main purpose is to be aware of the health concerns of citizens and respond to them.Methods. This experience is based on an intersectoral and multidisciplinary model open to participation, which can adapt to various health or social circumstances, such as COVID-19. The programme works on four areas: healthy habits, emotional and social well-being, healthy environments and citizen safety. Its key resources are people, mass media such as radio and social media and various health and social institutions.Results. The impact, strengths and limiting weaknesses of Salubrízate are being analysed by means of the scope of each project conducted by the group.

[Health promoted by social and community networks of low-income women]. / A saúde promovida por redes sociais e comunitárias de mulheres de baixa renda.

Social and community networks constitute an important social determinant of health, especially in the poorer segments of civil society and in their struggles to guarantee the right to health care. This study sought to understand the social and community networks created by women living in a low-income community and their relationship with the development of health care in this social group. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 women participating in a nongovernmental organization in the community, and the data were subjected to content analysis. The analysis highlighted four categories: the community as a large network, formed by multiple interconnected dynamic networks; the network of "aunts", women with an important role in the care of the community, treated as part of the family; the conversation circles, such as the rite of periodic meeting on the sidewalks, indicated as an important space that guarantees emotional stability and quality of life; and the benzedeiras with the use of medicinal plants, they are reference care within the community, providing disease prevention, health treatment, and referral to the health care unit when necessary. We concluded that the social and community networks created by the participants are important social determinants, and health facilities registered in the territory should value such networks.

As redes sociais e comunitárias constituem um importante determinante social de saúde, especialmente nos segmentos populares da sociedade civil e em suas lutas para garantir o direito à saúde. Esta pesquisa buscou compreender quais são as redes sociais e comunitárias constituídas por mulheres residentes em uma comunidade de baixa renda e sua relação com a produção da saúde nesse grupo social. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 11 mulheres participantes de uma organização não governamental (ONG) da comunidade, e os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. A análise destacou quatro categorias: a comunidade como uma grande rede - formada por múltiplas redes dinâmicas interligadas; a rede das "tias" - mulheres com papel importante no cuidado da comunidade, tratadas como parte da família; as rodas de conversa - como o rito de encontro periódico nas calçadas, apontado como importante espaço garantidor de estabilidade emocional e qualidade de vida; e as benzedeiras e o uso de plantas medicinais - referências de cuidado na comunidade, que proporcionam prevenção/tratamento à saúde e encaminhamento para a unidade de saúde quando necessário. Conclui-se que as redes sociais e comunitárias formadas pelas participantes são determinantes sociais importantes. Assim, é necessária a valorização de tais redes pelos equipamentos de saúde inscritos no território.

Las redes sociales y comunitarias constituyen un importante determinante social de salud, especialmente en los segmentos populares de la sociedad civil y en sus luchas para garantizar el derecho a la salud. La presente investigación buscó comprender cuáles son las redes sociales y comunitarias tejidas por las mujeres residentes en una comunidad de bajos ingresos y su relación con la producción de la salud en este grupo social. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con 11 mujeres participantes de una organización no gubernamental de la comunidad, y los datos se sometieron a análisis de contenido. El análisis destacó cuatro categorías: la comunidad como una gran red - formada por múltiples redes dinámicas interconectadas; la red de las "tías" - mujeres con papel importante en el cuidado de la comunidad, tratadas como parte de la familia; las ruedas de conversación - como el rito de encuentro periódico en las aceras, señalado como un espacio importante que garantiza la estabilidad emocional y la calidad de vida, y las curanderas y el uso de plantas medicinales - referencias de cuidado en la comunidad; que proporcionan prevención/tratamiento a la salud y el encaminamiento para la unidad de salud cuando sea necesario. Se concluye que las redes sociales y comunitarias tejidas por las participantes son determinantes sociales importantes, siendo necesaria la valorización de tales redes por los equipos de salud inscritos en el territorio.